If you can Repeat the Power "this turn" (e.g., from "Powestorm" or "Gift of Strength"), then you may use another Power between the two uses of the repeated Power.
If the Power repeats itself (e.g., "Creepers Tear into Mortar" or "The Land Thrashes in Furious Pain") or you are granted the option to Repeat a Power "After" using it the first time (e.g., from "Relentless Punishment" or "Strength of the Waking Island"), then resolve the Power and anything else it triggers (e.g., "Vengeance of the Dead") before immediately Repeating it – you don't have a chance to use another Power first. (Discussion elsewhere) (Discussion elsewhere) Tags: Repeat, Gift of Strength (Vital Strength of the Earth), Powerstorm, Gift of Twinned Days, 20 more...
It won't count as destroyed, removed, or replaced for effects that scale off the number of Beasts that leave the board, like A Dreadful Tide of Scurrying Flesh or Pent-Up Calamity. Tags: Destroy, Remove, Replace, Unearth a Beast of Wrathful Stone, 12 more...
A land is always at exactly Range 0 of itself, and therefore "within Range 1," "within Range 2," etc.
If a land meets a particular condition (e.g., "with Dahan"), it's its own "nearest land" meeting that condition.
Isolating a land doesn't change any of these answers, since none require checking which other lands are adjacent.
For some practical examples:
It's impossible to Push a piece from a land to itself or Gather a piece from a land to itself, since those move to/from adjacent lands.
The threshold of "The Land Thrashes in Furious Pain" (Major Power) can't Repeat that Power on the original target land, since that land is not adjacent to itself.
The first threshold of "Explosive Eruption" (Volcano Looming High's left Innate Power) can deal damage in the target land (the land where the Power destroyed Presence). Also, the third and fourth thresholds of both deal damage in the target land.
During the Dahan Insurrection Scenario, if a City is destroyed in a land with Dahan, then "Military Response" adds a Town in that same land because there is no nearer land with Dahan.
"Exports Fuel Inward Growth" (The Kingdom of Scotland Level 6) adds Towns to a land with Towns/Cities even if there are no adjacent Towns/Cities (either "naturally" or due to Isolate). Tags: Isolate, Push, Gather, Range, 27 more...
The initial use of the Power targets a land and resolves (along with any non-Repeat actions it triggers).
This triggers both "Relentless Punishment" on that land and the Power's own Repeat instruction. Since the order is ambiguous, you choose which one happens first.
After the Power Repeats itself, "Relentless Punishment" triggers again on the second land targeted.
Because "Relentless Punishment" counts allprior uses of the Power, using that special rule a second time can get quite expensive (Power's Energy Cost + 1 Energy for the first use + 1 Energy per initial "Relentless Punishment" use + 1 Energy for the self-Repeat use)!
Can Bringer of Dreams and Nightmares do real damage (destroying cities, etc) with Power X?
The answer, in general, is 'no'. If the Power says "damage" or "destroy", it doesn't matter if it also says that Dahan, Beasts, Invaders, or anything else are doing that damage, the source is still ultimately Bringer of Dreams and Nightmares and is only nightmare damage.
This applies even if the power has some other spirit doing something (eg, Blazing Renewal). If Bringer of Dreams and Nightmares played the power, it cannot do real damage.